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Background. We have previously shown minimal evidence of neutrophil infiltration during early reperfusion of porcine ischemic ileum. However, we noted marked neutrophil infiltration 6 to 18 hours after ischemia during mucosal repair. We postulated such neutrophil infiltration would disrupt restituting epithelium. Methods. Pigs were pretreated with anti-CD11/CD18 monoclonal antibody, superoxide dismutase-polyethylene...
Background. The role of extrinsic autonomic nerves in regulation of colonic contractile activity is not well understood. Methods. Twelve dogs had 6 strain gauge force transducers implanted in the colon and were divided into 3 experimental groups: (1) a control group, (2) an extrinsic denervation group (denervation group), and (3) an extrinsic denervation with proximal intrinsic myenteric plexus transection...
Background. Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) biograft is used as a bioscaffold for regeneration of a variety of tissues. To date, SIS has not been used as a biliary tract graft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using SIS as a scaffold for bile duct tissue regeneration in a canine model. Methods. Fifteen, 25- to 35-kg mongrel dogs underwent midline laparotomy and...
Background. The biologic effects of neoadjuvant tumor therapies on the immune system of cancer patients are largely unknown. Immune deviations may be particularly detrimental if they occur in conjunction with postoperative immunosuppression. The effects of combined radiochemotherapy (RCTx) on T cell functions in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus were investigated. Methods. T cell...
Background. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate technetium 99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) uptake in parathyroid adenomas and compare the results with their expression of multidrug resistance-mediated 170-kDa P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Methods. Twenty patients with larger parathyroid adenomas (> 1.5 g) and the other 40 patients with smaller parathyroid adenomas (0.5-1.5 g) underwent early...
Background. Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) occurs separately and in several hereditary disorders including multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Irradiation to the neck, female gender, and age are well-identified risk factors that predispose to pHPT. The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene is the most commonly deranged gene in parathyroid adenomas and contains several polymorphisms...
Background. We aimed to use microdialysis to assess, for the first time, the internal milieu of pancreatic islet grafts. Methods. One month after transplantation, microdialysis probes were inserted into syngeneic rat islet transplants (500-700 islets) placed beneath the renal capsule of nondiabetic or diabetic recipients. The number of grafted islets was purposely chosen not to cure the diabetic recipients...
Background. There are concerns that use of the term ''randomized'' conveys a form of legitimacy to surgical trials that may sometimes be inappropriate. The objective of this study was to review the nature and use of randomization techniques in surgical trials. Methods. We evaluated aspects of the randomization process in 619 surgical trials published within 10 prestigious journals between January...
Background. Portal vein embolization (PVE) of hepatic lobes planned for resection is known to increase the margin of safety in extended hepatic resection. We examined whether volume gain could directly translate into functional gain in the nonembolized hepatic lobes after PVE, using a unique pharmacologic model of hepatic venous isolation and charcoal hemoperfusion. Methods. Lidocaine hydrochloride...
Background. During hepatic regeneration, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 messenger RNA increases after the initial cycle of DNA synthesis, and it may control hepatocyte growth by inducing apoptosis. TGF-β1 also induces c-Jun, a potential proapoptotic transcription factor. We hypothesized that autocrine expression of activated TGF-β1 (Ad5aTGF-β1) would increase c-jun expression in rat liver and...
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